UTILITY SCALE BESS COURSE 2026
Meet your instructors. Sergey
UTILITY SCALE BESS COURSE 2026
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Module 0 – 2026 Update and Market Context
This module sets the starting point for the real state of energy storage in 2025. We analyze why this year marks a turning point in the BESS sector: price declines, technological maturity, regulatory changes, and a market beginning to behave as an industry.
We review the evolution of lithium cells, the race for energy density, the key design decisions made by manufacturers, and the regulatory framework in Spain.
A module designed to understand where we are, why now, and what signals you need to watch before making technical or investment decisions.
This module lays the foundation for understanding what a BESS really is, how it fits within a renewable plant, and its role in the electrical system.
It walks through the full value chain of energy storage, from the cell manufacturer all the way to the utility, clarifying both technical and contractual responsibilities.
It also analyzes the different market players, their incentives, and how they interact in real projects.
The module includes a market-oriented perspective updated by region, along with a critical review of BESS product evolution and technology.
It concludes with a practical guide to understanding and reading a BESS project from the outside, even before getting into the numbers.
Module 2 – Battery Anatomy and Fundamental Metrics
This module takes you inside the battery to understand what really matters behind the numbers used in BESS projects.
We analyze the complete value chain, from cell manufacturing to the container, and break down the key metrics that define design, operation, and business: SOC, SOH, C-rate, usable energy, cycle life, and degradation.
You will learn how these parameters are actually calculated, how manufacturers define them, and how to interpret their real limitations in LFP batteries.
We also explore the impact of calendar aging vs cycle aging, along with practical operating strategies, giving you a realistic view far from industry myths and common simplifications.
Module 2 Optional. Deep Dive inside a Battery Cell.
This optional technical deep dive explores the electrochemical reactions taking place inside a battery cell. It covers oxidation and reduction, electron and lithium-ion movement, electrode potentials, and the reactions behind LFP, NMC and lead-acid batteries.
This section is designed for learners who want a deeper technical understanding. It is not essential for following the rest of the course, so feel free to skip it or return to it later.
This module dives into the real technical design of a BESS system, from power concepts to the complete electrical architecture.
Different AC and DC configurations are analyzed, along with the impact of grid codes, proper sizing of PCS and transformers, and real system losses.
you will learn how to turn a BESS use case into a coherent, bankable technical design.
We cover power, energy and C-rate; system architecture and AC/DC coupling; grid-code requirements; losses, efficiency and sizing from the point of interconnection; degradation, nameplate capacity and practical use of the sizing calculator. You will also review the standards, certifications and design choices that shape real BESS projects.
You will work with Excel-based dimensioning models, incorporating auxiliaries, efficiency, and end-of-life degradation.
The module concludes with an advanced perspective on certifications and the role of Grid Forming in the stability of modern power systems.
This optional technical deep dive explains how grid-forming PCS go beyond injecting power: they create and regulate voltage, support frequency, operate in weak grids and can contribute to islanding and black-start capability.
We compare grid-following and grid-forming behaviour, examine stability challenges such as voltage, frequency and converter resonance, and introduce the control and current-limiting principles behind modern grid-forming converters.
Module 4 – Control Architecture, EMS and System Operation
This module breaks down the control architecture of a BESS system, from the manufacturer’s internal control to the plant-level layer and its integration with the system operator.
It analyzes the role of the EMS, control logic, setpoints, operational constraints, and the interaction with the market, the grid, and co-located generation.
The objective is to understand how a BESS is actually operated in real conditions and which design decisions directly impact performance, flexibility, and system monetization.
Module 5 – Safety, Protection and Risk Management in BESS Systems
This module addresses safety in BESS systems from the cell level up to the plant level.
Failure mechanisms are explained, including thermal runaway and current mitigation strategies such as fire suppression systems, containment, and layout design.
Risk analysis methodologies such as HAZOP and FMEA are introduced, along with their impact on design, insurance, and permitting.
The focus is on understanding how safe projects are actually designed and how risks are assessed in a structured way in real-world projects.
Standards such as NFPA 855, UL 9540A, and CSA C800 are covered, including what each one requires.
Module 6 – Engineering, Construction and Commissioning
This module walks through the full execution cycle of a BESS project from an engineering and construction perspective.
Key decisions are analyzed, including layout, electrical and civil interfaces, construction sequencing, common site risks, and acceptance criteria.
It goes into detail on the commissioning process, functional testing, coordination between stakeholders, and technical project closure.
The objective is to understand how to take a BESS project from paper to real operation without unpleasant surprises.
Module 7 – Operation and Maintenance (O&M) of BESS Systems
This module covers the operation and maintenance of BESS systems from a practical perspective, based on real field experience.
It analyzes different maintenance approaches (preventive, corrective, and predictive), the system’s critical fronts, thermal, electrical, and control management, and the importance of data-driven diagnostics combined with physical inspection.
The module goes deeper into maintenance levels, personnel training, spare parts management, and the relationship between O&M, LTSA contracts, and asset bankability.
Recurring failures, root cause analysis (RCA), and systematic defects are reviewed, concluding with an operational checklist and key insights to ensure long-term availability, reliability, and lifespan of a BESS.
Module 8 – BESS Applications and Business Models: From Technical Cost to Financial Asset
This module analyzes how a BESS system evolves from a purely technical component into a key economic asset within the modern power system.
It explores the impact of price volatility, solar cannibalization, and generation ramps on the profitability of renewable projects, and how energy storage enables value capture through different business models.
The module covers in detail the main revenue streams of a BESS, including energy arbitrage, ancillary services, capacity markets, and revenue stacking strategies, with a strong focus on the system’s real physical constraints (power, energy, and SOC) and the need for optimized operation.
Real case studies from Spain, Chile, the United Kingdom, and Italy are presented, showing how the same battery adopts completely different business models depending on the market, regulation, and available incentives.
The objective is for the student to understand when, how, and why a BESS is profitable, and what conditions are required for a project to be both bankable and sustainable over time.
Module 9 – Financial Valuation and Economic Analysis of BESS Projects
This module covers the financial valuation of BESS projects from a practical and realistic perspective, linking technical decisions to their economic impact.
It introduces the structure of a financial model applied to energy storage, identifying the main cost blocks (DEVEX, CAPEX, and OPEX) and the key assumptions that drive project profitability.
The module dives deeper into the use of LCoS as a comparative metric between technologies and manufacturers, explaining its advantages and limitations, and analyzes the critical role of efficiency, degradation, and availability in financial outcomes.
Key financial metrics used in BESS projects are introduced and explained — IRR, NPV, payback, and EBITDA — with a strong focus on proper interpretation and the common mistakes made when they are analyzed in isolation.
Throughout the module, it is emphasized that financial models do not predict the future, but rather help assess the economic robustness of a project under different technical, operational, and market scenarios.
The module concludes by summarizing the key concepts required to evaluate the bankability of a BESS and sets the stage for the next practical block, where the financial model is directly applied in Excel.
Module 9.1 – Hands-on Financial Model (Excel-Based)
This module is a practical extension of the previous one, where the financial concepts are applied directly through a structured Excel-based model.
You will work with a simplified but realistic financial model of a BESS project, understanding how inputs such as CAPEX, OPEX, degradation, efficiency, and revenue assumptions translate into IRR, NPV, and overall project viability.
The focus is not on building a complex model from scratch, but on learning how to interpret, stress-test, and challenge the key assumptions behind any BESS financial model.
Different scenarios are explored to understand how changes in market conditions, operational strategy, or technical performance impact the economics of the project.
By the end of the module, you will be able to read a financial model with confidence, identify weak points, and make informed decisions based on numbers that actually make sense.
This module analyzes the real development of BESS projects from a contractual perspective, from early-stage agreements (Head of Terms) to long-term contracts such as LTSA / LTCA.
It reviews the main contractual structures, the allocation of responsibilities among project stakeholders, and the role of key elements such as technical specifications, capacity, availability and efficiency guarantees, and the division of responsibilities (DoR).
The module addresses the technical and contractual risks that arise during project execution, critical milestones, acceptance testing, and the logic behind EPC, supply, and service contracts.
The objective is to understand how BESS contracts are designed, negotiated, and managed in real projects, and why poor contractual definition can compromise a project even when the technical design is correct.
This module explores where energy storage is heading and the key trends shaping the future of BESS systems in the short, medium, and long term.
It reviews the technological evolution of batteries, power electronics, and control systems, as well as the growing role of storage in grid stability, renewable integration, and new grid services.
The module examines how market structures, regulation, and operator expectations are evolving, and why BESS is no longer a supporting element but a core infrastructure within the energy system.
It concludes with a realistic view of opportunities, technical limitations, and strategic decisions that will define the development of energy storage in the coming years.
This module explores the different professional paths within the energy storage sector and how the BESS ecosystem is creating new roles across engineering, finance, development, and operations.
It analyzes the main profiles in demand — from technical roles such as design, commissioning, and O&M, to positions in project development, asset management, and investment.
The module provides a clear view of how companies are structured, what skills are required in each role, and how professionals from adjacent sectors (solar, wind, grid, finance) can transition into storage.
The objective is to help you understand where you fit within the industry, what opportunities exist, and how to position yourself to capture them.
